Salas was reportedly in the basement at the time of the shooting and was not injured. Washington had given him orders to take her by force, and carry her back if necessary and he shared these plans with Langdon.24 Langdons family had a long history of slave ownership, so Bassett assumed the senator would support his mission. Instead, Card-playing and wine-drinking were the business at his parties; and he had more of such company Sundays than on any other day.31 The newspapers included these arguments to criticize the institution of slavery and its many cruelties. Members of the free black community helped her get aboard a ship commanded by Captain John Bowles, who sailed frequently between Philadelphia, New York and Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Ona Maria Judge was born around 1774 at Mount Vernon. Vernon. On May 21, 1796, she slipped out of the mansion while the president and first lady were eating their supper. So, as the household prepared for the Washingtons return to Mount Vernon for the summer, Judge made plans for her escape. Reuters. Eventually, Judges husband, a sailor, passed away. As the first ladys bodyservant, Judge helped dress her mistress for special events, traveled with her on social calls and ran errands for her. (Credit: Martin Falbisoner/Creative Commons). Published in The Liberator in 1846. It would have made her a fugitive in the eyes of the law and she likely would never be able to see her family again. Thank you to Dr. Erica Armstrong Dunbar for her work on Ona Judge. In 1845, Ona Judge was interviewed by an abolitionist newspaper. Martha Washington, who lived until 1802, couldnt even legally have emancipated her enslaved workers upon her death (including, technically, Oney Judge Staines and her children), as they were part of her inheritance from her first husband and by law went to her surviving grandchildren. Explore the Timeline. So said former slave Ona Judge during an interview in 1845, long after she had obtained her freedom, and long after her owners, George and Martha Washington, had tried to get her back. And Ona really becomes, and had already really become, Martha Washingtons top slave, for the lack of a better term or phrase. He told his friends that he was looking for a good maidservant to help his wife. With a free black population of some 360 citizens and virtually no enslaved workers, Portsmouth was different from any place Judge had ever known. Whipple owed his position to the Washington administration, so he reluctantly agreed to help send Ona back to Mount Vernon. After his election, John Adams resided in the same house in Philadelphia, before moving into the White House in Washington, D.C. on November 1, 1800. At sixteen, Ona may have been growing still and she may have outgrown her earlier shoes. Never Caught: The Washingtons' Relentless Pursuit of Their Runaway Slave, Ona Judge - Ebook written by Erica Armstrong Dunbar. By the 1780s, Washingtons feelings about slavery had changed, and he expressed his uneasiness with the institution to close friends, including his Revolutionary War comrade the Marquis de Lafayette. Husband At some point during the spring of 1796, Ona made contact with members of the free black community that would facilitate her escape. Though the gesture was far from meaningless, it didnt go far enough. Improving upon this direction of her husband, Mrs. Washington, Martha actively tried to recapture her enslaved maid Ona Judge after Judge ran away in Philadelphia. The Washington slaves knew that the president had taken precautions to prevent them from taking advantage of this law. PORTSMOUTH, N.H. (AP) - Stepping off a boat in a New Hampshire port in 1796, 22-year-old Ona Judge was on the run from the family of President George Washington.. Judge Upon her death, they were to be divided among the Custis heirs. She worked exclusively for Martha Washington in every capacity of a personal maid and was shocked and horrified that Martha would callously give her away to her incredibly selfish and nasty-tempered granddaughter as a wedding present! She lives in Philadelphia with her husband and sons. Judge had been among a group of slaves held by the estate of Martha Washington's first husband, Daniel Parke Custis. A judge has just recommended that Erika Jaynes estranged husband Thomas Girardi face criminal investigation over embezzlement claims as his assets, as well as the assets of his law firm, Girardi Keese, were also frozen. She revealed, I never told his name till after he died, a few years since, les they should punish him for bringing me away.15, Once she arrived in Portsmouth, Ona found lodging with a free African-American family. In her interviews fifty years later, Ona referred to John Langdon as Governor. 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